From 79815f976d4215dcc040f7b379c22602197b7dbc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Justin Wind Date: Thu, 27 Feb 2014 23:47:23 -0800 Subject: [PATCH 1/1] initial commit This is a first-stab at an MCP Protocol class for Twisted. --- .gitignore | 1 + txMCP/MCPProtocol.py | 844 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ txMCP/__init__.py | 0 3 files changed, 845 insertions(+) create mode 100644 .gitignore create mode 100644 txMCP/MCPProtocol.py create mode 100644 txMCP/__init__.py diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0d20b64 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitignore @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +*.pyc diff --git a/txMCP/MCPProtocol.py b/txMCP/MCPProtocol.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2f7b9fc --- /dev/null +++ b/txMCP/MCPProtocol.py @@ -0,0 +1,844 @@ +"""\ +Copyright (c) 2014 Justin Wind + +Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy +of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal +in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights +to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell +copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is +furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: + +The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in +all copies or substantial portions of the Software. + +THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR +IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, +FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE +AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER +LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, +OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN +THE SOFTWARE. + +============================ +MUD Client Protocol, Twisted +============================ + +Based on this specification: http://www.moo.mud.org/mcp2/mcp2.html + +""" +from twisted.protocols import basic +from collections import deque +from random import choice +import logging +import string +import shlex +import re + + +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + + +class MCPError(Exception): + pass + + +def generateKey(length, chars): + """Return a string of length, composed from chars, for use as a key.""" + return ''.join([choice(chars) for i in range(length)]) + + +def versionGEQ(v1, v2): + """Return True if the MCP version string v1 ("2.1", exempli gratia) is + greater-than-or-equal to v2.""" + (v1major, v1minor) = v1.split('.', 1) + (v2major, v2minor) = v2.split('.', 1) + if int(v1major) > int(v2major): + return True + if int(v1major) == int(v2major) and int(v1minor) >= int(v2minor): + return True + return False + + +def versionMin(v1, v2): + """Return the minimum of two MCP version strings.""" + (v1major, v1minor) = v1.split('.', 1) + (v2major, v2minor) = v2.split('.', 1) + if int(v1major) < int(v2major): + return v1 + elif int(v2major) < int(v1major): + return v2 + elif int(v1minor) < int(v2minor): + return v1 + return v2 + + +def versionBest(iRange, rRange): + """Return the best version common to the two ranges.""" + (iMin, iMax) = iRange + (rMin, rMax) = rRange + if versionGEQ(rMax, iMin) and versionGEQ(iMax, rMin): + return versionMin(iMax, rMax) + return None + + +class MCPPackage(object): + """\ + Bundle of handlers which make up an MCP package. + """ + packageName = '' + versionRange = None + + def __init__(self, mcp): + self.mcp = mcp + self.version = None + + def attach(self, supportedVersion): + """\ + Invoked when the other end has indicated it will support this package, + this method should install the message handlers for the supportedVersion. + """ + self.version = supportedVersion + raise NotImplementedError + + def handle(self, message, data): + """\ + Handle a packageName message here. + """ + raise NotImplementedError + + def send(self): + """\ + Send a packageName message here. + """ + msg = 'package-message' + self.mcp.sendMessage(msg, None) + raise NotImplementedError + + +class MCPPackageNegotiate(MCPPackage): + """Handle 'mcp-negotiate' commands.""" + packageName = 'mcp-negotiate' + versionRange = ("1.0", "2.0") + + def __init__(self, mcp): + MCPPackage.__init__(self, mcp) + self.negotiated = False + + def attach(self, supportedVersion): + """Install support for mcp-negotiate commands.""" + if supportedVersion is None: + # normal packages return here, but negotiate is an integral MCP + # package, and needs to be able to bootstrap itself + supportedVersion = "2.0" + self.version = supportedVersion + if versionGEQ(supportedVersion, "2.0"): + self.mcp.messageHandlers[self.packageName + '-end'] = self.handleEnd + if versionGEQ(supportedVersion, "1.0"): + self.mcp.messageHandlers[self.packageName + '-can'] = self.handleCan + logger.debug( + "attached package '%s' (%s)", + self.packageName, + supportedVersion) + if not versionGEQ(supportedVersion, "2.0"): + # version 1.0 does not have an end-of-negotiations, so just pretend + self.handleEnd(None, {}) + + def proffer(self): + """Send the list of packages.""" + for packageName in self.mcp.packagesCapable: + package = self.mcp.packagesCapable[packageName] + self.sendCan(package) + self.sendEnd() + + def sendEnd(self): + """Send the command indicating no more packages.""" + msg = self.packageName + '-end' + if self.version is None and not versionGEQ(self.mcp.version, "2.1"): + # pre-negotiation, but MCP version doesn't support this message + return + if self.version is not None and not versionGEQ(self.version, "2.0"): + # fully negotiated, but mcp-negotiate version doesn't support this message + return + self.mcp.sendMessage(msg, None) + + def handleEnd(self, message, data): + """Receive the end of packages command.""" + self.mcp.negotiated = True + logger.debug( + "negotiations complete") + self.mcp.connectionNegotiated() + + def sendCan(self, package): + """Send the command indicating a package is available.""" + msg = self.packageName + '-can' + if self.version is not None and not versionGEQ(self.version, "1.0"): + # this should never occur, but hey + return + self.mcp.sendMessage(msg, { + 'package': package.packageName, + 'min-version': package.versionRange[0], + 'max-version': package.versionRange[1]}) + + def handleCan(self, message, data): + """Receive an available package notification.""" + for requiredKey in ('package', 'min-version', 'max-version'): + if requiredKey not in data: + logger.warning( + "ignoring '%s' due to missing key '%s'", + message, + requiredKey) + return + if data['package'] not in self.mcp.packagesCapable: + logger.debug( + "unsupported package '%s'", + data['package']) + return + package = self.mcp.packagesCapable[data['package']] + + supportedVersion = versionBest( + (data['min-version'], data['max-version']), + package.versionRange) + if supportedVersion is None: + logger.debug( + "no version match for package '%s'", + data['package']) + return + + package.attach(supportedVersion) + + +class MCPPackageCord(MCPPackage): + """Handle 'mcp-cord' comamnds.""" + packageName = 'mcp-cord' + versionRange = ("1.0", "1.0") + + CORDFORMAT = "%s%d" + + def __init__(self, mcp): + MCPPackage.__init__(self, mcp) + self.cordNext = 0 + self.cords = {} + + def attach(self, supportedVersion): + """Install support for mcp-cord commands.""" + if supportedVersion is None: + return + self.version = supportedVersion + if versionGEQ(supportedVersion, "1.0"): + self.mcp.messageHandlers[self.packageName + '-open'] = self.handleOpen + self.mcp.messageHandlers[self.packageName + '-close'] = self.handleClose + self.mcp.messageHandlers[self.packageName] = self.handle + logger.debug( + "attached package %s (%s)", + self.packageName, + supportedVersion) + + def sendOpen(self, cordType, cb): + """\ + Open a cord, return the cord id. + Callback cb(mcp, type, id, msg, data) will be invoked whenever a cord + message on the opened id is received, until that cord id is closed.""" + msg = self.packageName + '-open' + cordID = self.CORDFORMAT % ("I" if self.mcp.initiator else "R", self.cordNext) + self.cordNext += 1 + self.mcp.sendMessage(msg, { + '_id': cordID, + '_type': cordType}) + self.cords[cordID] = (cb, cordType) + return cordID + + def handleOpen(self, message, data): + """""" + for requiredKey in ['_id', '_type']: + if requiredKey not in data: + logger.warning( + "'%s' missing required key '%s'", + message, + requiredKey) + return + if data['_id'] in self.cords: + logger.warning( + "'%s' of duplicate cord '%s'", + message, + data['_id']) + return + self.cords[data['_id']] = data['_type'] + logger.debug( + "opened cord '%s'", + data['_id']) + + def sendClose(self, cordID): + """""" + msg = self.packageName + '-close' + if cordID not in self.cords: + logger.warning( + "tried to close non-existant cord '%s'", + cordID) + return + self.mcp.sendMessage(msg, { + '_id': cordID}) + + def handleClose(self, message, data): + """""" + if '_id' not in data: + logger.warning( + "'%s' missing required key '%s'", + message, + '_id') + return + if data['_id'] not in self.cords: + logger.warning( + "tried to close non-existant cord '%s'", + data['_id']) + return + del self.cords[data['_id']] + + def send(self, cordID, cordMsg, data=None): + """""" + msg = self.packageName + if data is None: + data = {} + if '_id' not in self.cords: + logger.warning( + "could not send to non-existant cord '%s'", + cordID) + return + data['_id'] = cordID + data['_message'] = cordMsg + self.mcp.sendMessage(msg, data) + + def handle(self, message, data): + """""" + for requiredKey in ('_id', '_message'): + if requiredKey not in data: + logger.warning( + "'%s' missing required key '%s'", + message, + requiredKey) + return + if data['_id'] not in self.cords: + logger.warning( + "'%s' for non-existant cord '%s'", + message, + data['_id']) + return + cordID = data['_id'] + cordMsg = data['_message'] + # FIXME: maybe delete _id and _message from data before hitting the + # callback, because they aren't part of the message proper? + (cordCallback, cordType) = self.cords[cordID] + if callable(cordCallback): + cordCallback(self.mcp, cordType, cordID, cordMsg, data) + + +# object is inhereted here so that super() will work, +# because Twisted's BaseProtocol is an old-style class +class MCP(basic.LineOnlyReceiver, object): + """\ + A line-oriented protocol, supporting out-of-band messages. + """ + VERSION_MIN = "1.0" + VERSION_MAX = "2.1" + + MCP_HEADER = '#$#' + MCP_ESCAPE = '#$"' + + AUTHKEY_CHARACTERS = string.ascii_lowercase + \ + string.ascii_uppercase + \ + string.digits + \ + "-~`!@#$%^&()=+{}[]|';?/><.," + AUTHKEY_SET = set(AUTHKEY_CHARACTERS) + AUTHKEY_LEN = 16 + + KEY_CHARACTERS = string.ascii_lowercase + \ + string.ascii_uppercase + \ + string.digits + \ + '-' + KEY_SET = set(KEY_CHARACTERS) + KEY_LEN = 6 + + def __init__(self, initiator=False): + """\ + Create a new MCP protocol. + + If initiator is True, proffer handshake; otherwise respond to it. + This only affects the initial handshake. + """ + self.initiator = initiator + # Which side of the conversation we are. + + self.version = None + # The state of the connection handshake. + # This will be set to the running protocol version, once established. + + self.authKey = '' + # This connection's authentication key. + # Blank until handshake complete. + + self.inProgress = {} + # A list of multi-line messages which have not yet been terminated, + # indexed by their _data-tag property. + + self.packagesCapable = {} + # All the packages we know how to handle. + + self.packagesActive = {} + # The packages the remote side proffered via negotiation, + # which matched ones we can deal with. + + self.messageHandlers = {} + # A dispatch table mapping messages to the package functions which + # will handle them. + + self.sendQueue = deque() + # A list of lines to transmit once the handshake has been completed. + + self.sendMessageQueue = deque() + # A list of messages to transmit once the package negotiations have completed. + + self.negotiated = False + # True once package negotiations have completed. + + # register the standard packages + self.addPackage(MCPPackageNegotiate) + self.addPackage(MCPPackageCord) + + # bootstrap support for the negotiation package + self.packagesCapable[MCPPackageNegotiate.packageName].attach(None) + + + def connectionMade(self): + """Send the initiator handshake on connection.""" + + self._peer = self.transport.getPeer().host + + logger.debug("connectionMade, peer is '%s", self._peer) + + + if self.initiator: + self.sendMessage('mcp', { + 'version': MCP.VERSION_MIN, + 'to': MCP.VERSION_MAX}) + + + def connectionEstablished(self): + """Called when the MCP handshake has been completed.""" + # send our package negotiations + self.packagesCapable[MCPPackageNegotiate.packageName].proffer() + # and flush our queue of pending normal data + while True: + try: + self.sendLine(self.sendQueue.popleft()) + except IndexError: + break + + + def connectionNegotiated(self): + """Called when MCP package exchange has completed.""" + logger.debug("connection negotiated, flushing queued messages") + while True: + try: + (message, kvs) = self.sendMessageQueue.popleft() + except IndexError: + break + self.sendMessage(message, kvs) + + + def addPackage(self, packageClass, *args, **kwargs): + """Register a package type as one we are capable of handling.""" + if not issubclass(packageClass, MCPPackage): + raise MCPError("cannot install unknown package type") + + pkg = packageClass(self, *args, **kwargs) + self.packagesCapable[pkg.packageName] = pkg + + + class __InProgress(object): + """\ + An unterminated multi-line stanza, waiting for completion. + + data is kept distinct from multiData to ease checking of collisions. + the keys used to store data are all collapsed to lowercase. + """ + def __init__(self, message): + self.message = message + self.data = {} + self.multiData = {} + + def setKey(self, key, data): + if key in self.multiData: + logger.warning( + "ignoring attempt to overwrite multiline key '%s' with single value", + key) + return + self.data[key] = data + + def setMultiKey(self, key, data): + if key in self.data: + logger.warning( + "ignoring attempt to overwrite single value key '%s' with multiline datum", + key) + return + if key not in self.multiData: + self.multiData[key] = [] + if data is not None: + self.multiData[key].append(data) + + def allData(self): + """Return the combined simple and multikey data.""" + return dict(self.multiData, **self.data) + + def __multiKeyEnd(self, datatag): + if datatag not in self.inProgress: + logger.warning( + "termination of unknown multi-line stanza '%s'", + datatag) + return + + self._dispatchMessage( + self.inProgress[datatag].message, + self.inProgress[datatag].allData()) + del self.inProgress[datatag] + + def __multiKeyContinue(self, line): + try: + (datatag, line) = re.split(r'\s+', line, 1) + except ValueError: + (datatag, line) = (line, '') + + if datatag not in self.inProgress: + logger.warning( + "continuation of unknown multi-line stanza '%s'", + datatag) + return + inProgress = self.inProgress[datatag] + + try: + (key, line) = line.split(': ', 1) + except ValueError: + (key, line) = (line, '') + + key = key.tolower() + if key in inProgress.data: + logger.warning( + "multi-line stanza '%s' tried to update non-multi-line key '%s'", + datatag, + key) + return + if key not in inProgress.multiData: + logger.warning( + "multi-line stanza '%s' tried to update untracked key '%s'", + datatag, + key) + return + + inProgress.data[key].append(line) + self.messageUpdate(datatag, key) + + def __lineParseMCP(self, line): + """Process an out-of-band message.""" + + line = line[len(MCP.MCP_HEADER):] + + try: + (message, line) = re.split(r'\s+', line, 1) + except ValueError: + (message, line) = (line, '') + + if message == ':': # end of multi-line stanza + self.__multiKeyEnd(line) + + elif message == '*': # continuation of multi-line stanza + self.__multiKeyContinue(line) + + else: # simple message + # "#$#message authkey [k: v [...]]" + inProgress = MCP.__InProgress(message) + multiline = False + + if self.version: + try: + (authKey, line) = re.split(r'\s+', line, 1) + except ValueError: + (authKey, line) = (line, '') + + if authKey != self.authKey: + logger.warning( + "ignoring message with foreign key '%s'", + authKey) + return + + lexer = shlex.shlex(line, posix=True) + lexer.commenters = '' + lexer.quotes = '"' + lexer.whitespace_split = True + try: + for key in lexer: + # keys are case-insensitive, normalize here + key = key.lower() + + if key[-1] != ':': + logger.warning( + "message '%s' could not parse key '%s'", + message, + key) + return + key = key[:-1] + + if key[0] not in string.ascii_lowercase: + logger.warning( + "message '%s' ignored due to invalid key '%s'", + message, + key) + return + if not set(key).issubset(MCP.KEY_SET): + logger.warning( + "message '%s' ignored due to invalid key '%s'", + message, + key) + return + + try: + value = next(lexer) + except StopIteration: + logger.warning( + "message '%s' has key '%s' without value", + message, + key) + return + + if key[-1] == '*': + key = key[:-1] + if key in inProgress.multiData or key in inProgress.data: + logger.warning( + "message '%s' ignoring duplicate key '%s'", + message, + key) + continue + inProgress.multiData[key] = [] + multiline = True + else: + if key in inProgress.data or key in inProgress.multiData: + logger.warning( + "message '%s' ignoring duplicate key '%s'", + message, + key) + continue + inProgress.data[key] = value + + except ValueError: + logger.warning( + "message '%s' has unparsable data", + message) + return + + if multiline: + if '_data-tag' not in inProgress.data: + logger.warning( + "ignoring message with multi-line variables but no _data-tag") + return + self.inProgress[inProgress.data['_data-tag']] = inProgress + self.messageUpdate(inProgress.data['_data-tag'], None) + else: + self.__dispatchMessage(inProgress.message, inProgress.allData()) + + + def messageUpdate(self, datatag, key): + """\ + Called when a multiline message has received a new line, but has not + completed. + + Generally ignorable, but some servers awkwardly use multiline messages + as continuous channels. + Override this to handle such a beast. + """ + pass + + + def __dispatchMessage(self, message, data): + """Invoke the handler function for a message.""" + logger.debug( + "MCP message: %s %s", + message, + repr(data)) + + # handle handshaking messages directly + if message == 'mcp': + self.__handshake(message, data) + else: + if message in self.messageHandlers: + self.messageHandlers[message](message, data) + else: + self.messageReceived(message, data) + + + def __handshake(self, message, data): + """Handle 'mcp' messages, which establish a connection.""" + if self.version: + logger.warning( + "ignoring handshake message during established session") + return + + if 'version' not in data: + logger.warning( + "%s did not send enough version information", + "responder" if self.initiator else "initiator") + return + if 'to' not in data: + data['to'] = data['version'] + supportedVersion = versionBest( + (MCP.VERSION_MIN, MCP.VERSION_MAX), + (data['version'], data['to'])) + if supportedVersion is None: + logger.warning( + "handshake failed, incompatible versions") + # FIXME: maybe raise exception on this + return + + if self.initiator: + if 'authentication-key' in data: + if not set(data['authentication-key']).issubset(MCP.AUTHKEY_SET): + logger.warning( + "responder proffered unexpected characters in authentication-key") + return + self.authKey = data['authentication-key'] + logger.debug( + "client started new session with key '%s'", + self.authKey) + else: + logger.warning( + "ignoring message '%s' before session established", + message) + return + else: + authKey = generateKey(MCP.AUTHKEY_LEN, MCP.AUTHKEY_CHARACTERS) + # send before setting, as handshake message doesn't include authkey + self.sendMessage('mcp', { + 'authentication-key': authKey, + 'version': MCP.VERSION_MIN, + 'to': MCP.VERSION_MAX}) + self.authKey = authKey + logger.debug( + "established new session (%s) with key '%s'", + supportedVersion, + authKey) + + self.version = supportedVersion + self.connectionEstablished() + + + def lineReceived(self, line): + """Process a received line for MCP messages.""" + if line.startswith(MCP.MCP_HEADER): + self.__lineParseMCP(line) + else: + if line.startswith(MCP.MCP_ESCAPE): + line = line[len(MCP.MCP_ESCAPE):] + self.lineReceivedInband(line) + + + def sendLine(self, line): + """ + Sends a line of normal data. + """ + + if not self.initiator and self.version is None: + self.sendQueue.append(line) + return + + if line.startswith((MCP.MCP_HEADER, MCP.MCP_ESCAPE)): + line = ''.join([MCP.MCP_ESCAPE, line]) + super(MCP, self).sendLine(line) + + + def sendMessage(self, message, kvs=None): + """ + Sends an MCP message, with data. + """ + # FIXME: this is janky + # queue non-core messages until after package negotiation + if not self.negotiated: + if not message.startswith('mcp'): + logger.debug( + "deferred MCP-send of '%s'", + message) + self.sendMessageQueue.append((message, kvs)) + return + + datatag = None + msg = [] + line = [MCP.MCP_HEADER, message] + if self.authKey is not '': + line.extend([' ', self.authKey]) + if kvs is not None: + for k, v in kvs.iteritems(): + if isinstance(v, basestring) and '\n' not in v: + line.extend([' ', k, ': "', v, '"']) + else: + if not datatag: + datatag = generateKey(MCP.KEY_LEN, MCP.KEY_CHARACTERS) + line.extend([' ', k, '*: ""']) + if not isinstance(v, basestring): + vLines = v + else: + vLines = v.split('\n') + for l in vLines: + msg.append(''.join([MCP.MCP_HEADER, '* ', datatag, ' ', k, ': ', l])) + msg.insert(0, ''.join(line)) + for m in msg: + super(MCP, self).sendLine(m) + logger.debug( + "MCP-send: %s", + m) + + + def lineReceivedInband(self, line): + """ + Called when there's a line of normal data to process. + + Override in implementation. + """ + print "in: ", line + return + raise NotImplementedError + + + def messageReceived(self, message, data): + """ + Called when there's an otherwise-unhandled MCP message. + """ + logger.warning( + "unhandled message '%s' %s", + message, + repr(data)) + pass + + +if __name__ == '__main__': + from twisted.internet import reactor + from twisted.internet.endpoints import TCP4ClientEndpoint, connectProtocol + import sys, os.path + + logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG) + + if len(sys.argv) < 3: + print "Usage: %s " % (os.path.basename(sys.argv[0])) + sys.exit(64) + + HOST = sys.argv[1] + PORT = int(sys.argv[2]) + + def gotMCP(p): + print 'got' +# p.sendLine("WHO") +# reactor.callLater(1, p.sendLine("QUIT")) +# reactor.callLater(2, p.transport.loseConnection) + + print "establishing endpoing" + point = TCP4ClientEndpoint(reactor, HOST, PORT) + print "connecting" + d = connectProtocol(point, MCP()) + print "adding things" + d.addCallback(gotMCP) + print "running" + reactor.run() diff --git a/txMCP/__init__.py b/txMCP/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e69de29 -- 2.43.2